Anglo-Frisian languages Totally Explained

The Anglo-Frisian languages (sometimes Insular Germanic) are a group of Ingvaeonic West Germanic languages consisting of Old English, Old Frisian, and their descendants. The Anglo-Frisian family tree is:

Anglo-Frisian
- Anglic group (Insular Anglo-Frisian)
  - English
  - Scots
  - Yola (extinct)
- Frisian group (Continental Anglo-Frisian)

The Anglo-Frisian languages are distinguished from other West Germanic languages partially by the Ingvaeonic nasal spirant law, Anglo-Frisian brightening and by the palatalization of Proto-Germanic to a coronal affricate before front vowels: cf. English cheese and Frisian tsiis to Dutch kaas and German Käse, or English church and Frisian tsjerke to Dutch kerk and German Kirche. Early Anglo-Frisian formed a Sprachbund with Old Saxon, which is counted among the Low Saxon-Low Franconian languages.
The German linguist Friedrich Maurer rejected Anglo-Frisian as a historical subdivision of the Germanic languages. Instead, he proposed North Sea Germanic or Ingvaeonic, a common ancestor of Old Frisian, Old English and Old Saxon. This view has gained wide acceptance in historical linguistics.

Examples

Compare the words for the numbers one to ten in the Anglo-Frisian languages.

Language	1	2	3	4	5	6	7	8	9	10
English	one	two	three	four	five	six	seven	eight	nine	ten
Scots	ane ae	twa	three	fower	five	sax	sieven	aicht	nine	ten
Yola	oane	twye	dhree	vowér	veeve	zeese	zebbem	ayght	neene	dhen
West Frisian	ien	twa	trije	fjouwer	fiif	seis	sân	acht	njoggen	tsien
Saterland (Sealtersk)	aan	twäi twäin twoo	träi	fjauwer	fieuw	säks	soogen	oachte	njugen	tjoon
North Frisian (Mooring)	iinj ån	tou tuu	trii tra	fjouer	fiiw	seeks	soowen	oocht	nüügen	tiin

External results

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